Spatial shape of avalanches

On the shape of avalanches

In this paper we study a dimensionless model of granular matter. The model can be rewritten into a system of balance laws. We prove that, every sufficiently small, compactly supported perturbation of a Lipschitz continuous decoupled initial data gives decoupled solution in finite time. Moreover, no gradient catastrophe occurs, i.e., the solution does not develop discontinuities. © 2007 Elsevier...

Snow Avalanches, Ice Avalanches and Glacier Surges

Spatial detection of ferromagnetic wires using GMR sensor and based on shape induced anisotropy

The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new technique for row spacing measurement in a wire array using giant magnetoresistive (GMR) sensor. The self-rectifying property of the GMR-based probes leads to accurately detection of the magnetic field fluctuations caused by surface-breaking cracks in conductive materials, shape-induced magnetic anisotropy, etc. The ability to manufacture probes h...

Encoding Shape and Spatial Relations :

An e ective functional architecture facilitates interactions among subsystems that are often used together. Computer simulations showed that di erences in receptive eld sizes can promote such organization. When input was ltered through relatively small nonoverlapping receptive elds, arti cial neural networks learned to categorize shapes relatively quickly; in contrast, when input was ltered thr...

Mechanics of snow avalanches

The main problems of mechanics of snow avalanches are those of: (1) predicting avalanches, (2) avalanche motion, (3) the action of an avalanche upon obstacles, (4) the air wave, (5) the slow moving snow cover and its interaction with protective constructions and (6) the problem of artificial release of avalanches. This paper surveys the modern state of scientific knowledge about the nature of p...